Loom for cross-weaving



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G. N .w mm MW LS Am P0 Bw .F Tl- M 0. 0 L d. d o M o m No. 587,324Patented Aug. 3,1897.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

1. B.1 ALMBR. LOOM FDR CROSS WEAVING.

No. 587,324. Patented Aug. 3,1897.4

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4i.

. I. E. PALMER.

LGOM FOB. CROSS WEAVING.

No. 587,324. Patented Aug.'3, 1897.

wie @am @feed/rms', a l q-EH-uq-s- (No Model.) 5 sheets-sheet 5.

I. E. PALMER. LooM FOR @Ross WEAVING.

No. 587,324. Patented Aug. 3, 1897.

el l. j I l /Qate ELT-1155542 Limo.. WASHINGTON o c UNITED STATES PATENTCEEICE.

ISAAC E. PALMER, OF MIDDLETOVN, CONNECTICUT.

LOOWI FOR CROSS-WEAVING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 587,324, dated August3, 1897.

Application filed April 1,1895. Serial No 543,976. (No model.)

'State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement inLooms for Cross- Weaving, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in looms in which provision ismade for weaving either plain or gauze weave at pleasure, with theobject in view of facilitating the combination of different styles ofweaving in connection with a continuous strip of f abric and, ingeneral, in rendering the loom more efficient and increasing its scope.

With these ends in view my invention consists in certain features ofconstruction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafterdescribed, and pointed out in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation,partly in section, of a portion of a loom, showing a tension device forcontrolling the warp which is intended to be fed at a different rate ofspeed from that at which other portions of warp are fed. Fig. 2 is a topplan View of the same, partly in horizontal section, t-aken on the linec @c of Fig. 1, showing the position of the chain and Wheels fordetermining the style of weave. Fig. 3 is a view in front elevation ofthe banks of needles and their supporting and operating mechanism. Fig.4'is a View in detail, showing vther-.pattern-chains and the parts whichthey immediately operate in side elevation. Fig. 5 is a View in detail,showing the said chain-wheels and the shaft for operating them in endelevation. Fig. 6 is a view in detail, showing in end elevation themeans for shifting one of the banks of needles with respect to theother. Fig. 7

is a View in detail, showing the tappets, the,

needle-sword, the needles, and the connection between the needles andthe tappets for operating Athe needles, the -needles in this view beingshown at the extremities of 4their stroke toward one another. Fig. Sis asimilar view showing the needles at the limits of their stroke away fromone another. Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12 are views in detail of portions ofthe needle-operating mechanism and needle-shaft and needles, showing thecombination with the two banks of needles of a third bank and means foroperating it in connection with the two banks; and Figs. 13, 14, and 15,represent the positions of the warp and weft threads in the plain,gauze, and diamond or double-gauze7 weaves, hereinafter referred to.

The frame of the loom may be of any wellknown or approved form suitablefor supporting the several parts in the several positions foraccomplishing their work and is represented in the present instance byA. The drive-shaft for imparting motion to the several operating partsof the loom is represented by B and is driven from a suitable source ot'power. (Not shown.) At or near one end of the drive-shaft B it isprovided with a gear-wheel b, which meshes with a pinion b' on acrank-shaft b2, connected by a hooked pitman b3 with a ratchet-toothedwheel b4 (see Fig. 1) for rotating a gear'- wheel b5, which engages apinion h6 on a shaft 57, provided with a worm bs, engaged with aworm-wheel b9 on the shaft of one of the take-up rollers C. The roller Cis geared to rotate with its companion roller C", the third roller C2being left to rotate freely as the fabric passes over it from theguideroller C3.

In the present instance I have shown thev fabric level prior to itspassing onto the tapered rollers. This feature of taking up the fabricon the rollers provided with tapered ends is not, however, essential tothe other features of the loom to which my present invention isparticularly directed, the said takeup mechanism forming thesubject-matter of another application, Serial No. 423,193, Ratent No.545,607, dated September 3, 1895.

The main warp-beam is denoted byD, and from it the warp is led to theupper and'lower banks of needles. In addition to the main warp-beam Dthere is a series of spools D', from which the warp-threads are -led tothe upper and lower banks of needles. In the present instance thewarp-threads which are led from the spools D are so located as to be fedby the tapered portions of the rollers,

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and hence at a speed varying from that at which the threads are drawnfrom the main warpbeam D by the cylindrical portions of the said take-uprollers.

In connection with the warp which is fed from the spools D', I provide atension device as follows: Rocking plates d are mounted on a shaft d'and have projecting therefrom bars or pins d2 d3, connected by reeds d4,between which the warp-threads pass. The said pieces (l are furtherprovided with an elongated slot d5, within which the adjustable pin orbard6 may be secured in different positions relative to the centralshaft d'. A guide bar or pin d? is also fixed to and projected from eachplate d at a point at or near its lower end, so that the warp-threads,after passing through the reeds d4, are led partially around the shaftCZ', then over the adjustable bar d, and thence downwardly and under thebar (Z7, and thence to the needles, the plate d being free to rock onthe supporting-shaft CZ' against the tension of a spring ds, secured atone end to the shaft and at its opposite end to the plate d. Byadjusting the pin or roller d6 along the slot (Z5 the warp-threads maybe carried more or less awa-y from a direct line between the shaft d'and the guide-bar dl, and hence the tension may be thereby increased ordiminished.

Upon the drive-shaft B, I locate suitable arms B', which carry suitableantifrictiou rollers bf, which rollers engage inclines B2, which aremounted on shafts B3, these shafts being connected to the shuttleoperating mechanism. (Not shown.)

Proceeding to describe the needles, their support and operatingmechanism, the needle-sword consists of two swinging arms E and E',which are pivoted at their upper ends to the top of the frame A,preferablyin suitable plates c c', which are secured to the frame A.These arms E E' are spaced apart by means of suitable crossa'ods c2 e3.

The needle-sword is normally held at the limit of its forward movementby means of suitable tension-springs e4 e5, which are attached at oneend to the arms E E' and at their other ends to the breast-beam of theframe A.

The upper bank of needles is denoted by F and the lower bank by F'.These banks of needles are so arranged that when the needles are rockedto and fro their ends through which the warp-threads pass are caused tooverlap each other. The upper set of needles are denoted byf, and theyare secured to suitable clips f6, which clips are secured to a suitablesleeve f7, which sleeve slides on the upper needle-barfs. The needles ofthe lower bank are denoted byf, and they are secured by suitable clipsf1 to a sleeve f, which sleeve rocks on the lower needle bar fw. Thesetwo banks of needles are caused to rock by being geared together attheir ends by means of suitable segmental gears ff', the former being onthe upper needle-bar and the latter on the lower needle-bar. The lowersegmental gears f' are provided with suitable lugs or pins f2, to whichcorresponding ends of connecting-bars f3 are pivoted, the other ends ofthe said connecting-bars f3 being adjustably secured in suitablebrackets G. will thus be seen that as the needlesword is swung forwardlyand backwardly the ends of the banks of needles will be caused to rockup and down, so as to overlap.

A suitable grid g extends between the two brackets G and is supportedthereby, which grid g serves to separate the warp-threads as they arebeing fed along, so as to straighten them out, as is usual.v

The upper bank of needles F are caused to move laterally, so as to firstbring each upper warp-thread down between a certain two of the lowerneedles, as they are rocked toward each other, at one time, and whendesired will bring the warp-thread down between the next two of thelower needles when the banks of needles are again rocked. This is donein the following manner: A vibrating lever I I is pivoted tothe swingingarm E' of the nee dle-sword. The lower end of the said lever II issecured to the end of the needle-bar F by a universal connection h,which allows the upper bank of needles to rock and at the same time willshift it laterally when desired. The upper arm of the said lever II isconnected to a forwardly-extended arm t' of a suitable vertical rockingshaft I by means of a link 7L'. The rocking shaft I is provided with arearwardly-eXtended arm i', which engages a suitable worin 'i2 on themain driveshaft B. This rocking shaft I is mounted at its lower end in asuitable su pportin g-bracket 's and at its upper end in a suitablebracket i4, both of said brackets being secured to the main frame A. Itwill thus be seen that as the worm i2 rocks the shaft I it will in turnvibrate the lever II and slide the bank of needles F laterally. Thisworm is so timed that it will cause the upper bank of needles F to slidelaterally only when the needles are in their raised position, so thatthe upper warpthreads may be moved freely over the ends of the lowerneedles.

The needle-sword is swung forwardly and backwardly, so as to rock thetwo banks of needles at the proper time to form certain figures in theweave, in the following manner; The tappets are denoted by .I J', andthey are provided with suitable antifriction-rollers j j', which are inturn engaged at certain times by suitable eamsj2 js, which cams aresecured to rotate with the main drive-shaft B. The tappets PI J' areheld against the cams ,7'23'3 by means of suitable tension-springs Thecam 7'2 is so formed that it will cause the tappet J to rock forward andback twice during one revolution of the main shaft B, unless it belocked to the tappet J' by the locking device j, hereinafter to bedescribed, or locked in its backward position by the latch K', hereinafter to be described.

The cam js is so formed that it will rock the TOO IIO

tappet J forward and backward only once during a single revolution ofthe main driveshaft B.

The needle-sword is connected with the tappet J by means of a suitablehooked connectin g-rod E2, which is fastened to the brace-rod e2 at oneend and at its other end is provided with a recess which engages asuitable pin j in the topof the tappet J.

K K K2 represent three latches which carry suitable antifriction-rollers1015102, which are adapted to be engaged by the pattern-chains L L' L2,respectively. As the latch K2 is raised and lowered by its connectionwith the links in the pattern-chain L2 it causes the hookedconnecting-rod E2 to be released from and engaged with the tappet J bymeans of a suitable link 7a2, which connects the end of the latch K2with the end of the hooked rod E2. This releasing of the rod E2 fromengagement with the'tappet J is for the purpose of allowing theneedle-sword to hang idly while a certain pattern is being woven, theswinging of the tappets J and J having no effect upon the said rod E2.

The latch K is adapted to engage a suitable hook .72 'upon the tappet Jwhen the latch is in its lowered position and the tappet is swung backby the cam y2, so that when the cam y2 further revolves the tappet J isheld at the limit of its rearward movement by said latch K. This latch Kis raised and the tappet J thereby released by certain of the links inthe pattern-chain L', as will hereinafter more fully appear.

The tappet J is provided with a suitable recess jg, extendingtransversely across its face adjacent to the tappet J, and a projectionjm extends into the said recess from the upper wall of the recess, so asto engage the locking device j, carried by the tappet J, when the saidlocking device is in its raised position and the tappets J J inalinement, thereby causing the two tappets J J to swing simultaneously.This locking device 7'6 is raised and lowered by the raising andlowering of the latch K, which is connected to the locking device j by asuitable rod 7a4. latch K is raised and lowered by engagement withdifferent heights of links on the patternchain L. Y

The pattern-chains L, L', and L2 consist of links of varying heights,and they are caused to be advanced one after the other over suitablechain-wheels Z ZZ2into engagement with the rollers Zt 7c .c2 on thelatches K K K2. These chain-wheels are secured to rotate together upon asuitable shaft L3, which shaft is mounted in suitable bearings Z2 Z4,which are secured to the frame A. The bracket Z3 is preferably extendedupwardly to forml a support for the hinged ends of the latches K K K2,as shown clearly in Fig. 2.

The chain-wheels are rotated by means of a suitable spur-wheel L4, whichis secured to the shaft L3 and engages a suitable worm L5 on the maindrive-shaft B.

This

When it is desired to weave a pattern of more intricate design than thatcapable of being woven by the two banks of needles heretofore described,I provide a third bank of needles F2, which is secured to rock with theneedle-bar F and is located just beneath the upper bank of needles. Thisform is shown in Figs. 9 to 12, inclusive. This third bank of needles F2is caused to have a lateral sliding movement independent of the slidingmovement of the upper bank of needles in the following manner: Justwithin the arm E of the needle-sword and on the upper needle-bar F, Isecure a suitable sliding sleeve F2, which is provided with a groove f4,which is adapted to engage the lower end of` a vibrating lever M, whichlever M is pivoted vto the arm E at its upper end and is caused tovibrate laterally by means of a suitable connection m between it and thelever H, which slides the upper bank of needles longitudinally on theneedle-bar.

Certain of the warp-threads are passed through the ends of the needlesin the bank F2, and as the upper bank F is slid lback and forth the bankF2 will be caused to be slid thereby twisting the warp-threads andforming a more' fanciful design than when the two banks of needles onlyare used.

It is to be understood that the weft-threads may be inserted and beatenup in any wellknown or approved manner.

In operation as the drive-shaft B is rotated it will cause thepattern-chains to be advanced and thereby raise and lower certain of thelatches K KK2. At the same time the cams l7'27'2 will engage the tappetsJ J and swing them forward and backward. When the latch K2 is in itslowered position and the latch K held raised, the tappet J will swingback and forth and thereby swing the needle-sword back and forth,causing the banks of needles to be rocked up and down twice during onerevolution of the shaft B. This will cause the loom to weave what isknown as the gauze weave. (See Fig. 14.)

If the latch K should be held raised by means of its engagement with thechain L, the locking device j will engage the tappet J', and so willcause the two tappets to swing simultaneously. This arrangementwillcausethe needle-sword to swing back and forth only once during a singlerevolution of the driveshaft B and will cause the loom to weave what isknown as the plain weave,7 since the transverse movement of the upperbank of needles will have no effect upon the weft so long as the needlesthemselves are not swung toward and away from each other, which onlyoccurs once during a revolution of the driveshaft. When the third bankof needles is used, it will cause the gauze weave to develop into a morecomplex ligure, which might be called the diamond weave, which issubstantially a double-gauze weave. (See Fig. 15.). It will thus be seenthat by arranging roo IIO

the several pattern-chains with higher and lower links they will becaused to control the ligure of the weave by means of their engagementwith the latches K K K2, which latches in turn control the swingingmovements of the tappets J J The rotary movement of the shaft Bfurthermore rqtates the take-up rollers and thereby advances the fabricas it is woven. It will be seen that the tension device will as thewarp-threads are being advanced to the needles regulate the tension uponthem at that point where the fabric is being gathered, the said tensiondevice allowing the threads to be fed at different speeds.

It is obvious that slight changes might be resorted to in theconstruction and arrangement of the several parts without departing fromthe spirit and scope of my invention. Hence I do not wish to limitmyself strictly to the structure herein set forth, but

What I claim is- 1. In combination, a take-up roll,independ entsupply-rolls, means for manipulating the sheds of warp and a tensiondevice for the reception of the warp from the different supplyrolls, thesaid tension device comprising a rocking plate and tension-pinsextending from said rocking plate, one of said pins being adjustable tovary the tension of the warp-threads, substantially as set forth.

2. A tension device for looms, comprising a rocking plate, a spring foractuating the plate, tension-pins on the plate, and a reed forseparating the warp-threads, one of the said tension-pins beingadjustable to vary the tension of the warp-threads, substantially as setforth.

3. In combination, means for feeding sheds of warp, a take-u pmechanism, a lower bank of needles for controlling a shed of warp, anupper bank of needles for controlling a shed of warp, and an auxiliarybank of needles for controlling an auxiliary shed of warp and means forrocking the dierent banks of needles, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination, means for feeding sheds of warp, a take-up mechanism,alower bank of needles for controlling a shed of warp, an upper bank ofneedles for controlling a shed of warp, an auxiliary bank of needles forcontrolling an auxiliary shed of warp, means for moving the auxiliarybank of needles laterally with respect to one of the other banks andmeans for rocking the said banks, substantially as set forth.

5. In combination, means for feeding sheds of warp, a take-up mechanism,a lower bank of needles for controlling a shed of warp, an

upper bank of needles for controlling a shed of warp, and an auxiliarybank of needles for controlling an auxiliary shed of warp, means formoving the upper bank of needles and the auxiliary bank of needlestransversely simultaneously in opposite directions and means for rockingthe said banks, substantia-lly as set forth.

6. In combination, banks of needles having a rocking movement toward andaway from each other, gear connecting the banks of needles, a swingingsupport for the needles, swinging tappets, means for interlocking thetappets at predetermined intervals, one of said tappets being connectedwith the swinging support, a drive-shaft carrying cams adapted to engagethe tappets to swing them, and pattern-chains for further controllingthe movement of the tappets, substantially as set forth.

7. In combination, banks of needles having a rocking movement toward andaway from each other, gear connecting the banks of needles, a swingingsupport for the needles, swinging tappets, one of said tappets beingconnected with the swinging support, a driveshaft carrying cams adaptedto engage the tappets to swing the needle-support and i thereby rock thebanks of needles and means for interlocking the tappets at predeterminedintervals, comprising latches for locking and releasing the tappets, andpattern-chains engaging the latches, substantially as set forth.

8. In combination, banks of needles geared together so as to have arocking movement toward and away from each other, a swinging support forthe banks of needles, a driveshaft having cams thereon, swinging tappetsengaged by the said cams, a hooked connectin g-bar between the swingingsupport and one of the tappets, pattern-chains for controlling themovement of the tappets, andan auxiliary pattern-chain for releasing thehooked connecting-bar from engagement with the tappet at intervals,substantially as set forth.

9. In combination, a frame, a needle-support hinged thereon, means forswinging the needle-support, banks of needles provided with gear-wheelswhich intermesh, a connection between one of the gear-wheels and theframe, whereby as the needle-support is swung, the banks of needles arecaused to rock toward and away from each other, substantially as setforth.

ISAAC E. PALMER. lfVitnesses:

FREDK. HAYNEs, IRENE B. DECKER.

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